Here are some key points about medical oxygen cylinders:

1. Material: They are usually made of high-strength materials like aluminum or steel.
2. Sizes: Oxygen cylinders come in various sizes, from small portable cylinders (e.g., “E” tanks) to large stationary ones. The size chosen often depends on the intended use and duration of therapy.
3. Color Code: Most countries have a standard color coding for medical oxygen cylinders to differentiate them from cylinders containing other gases. For instance, in many countries, medical oxygen cylinders are painted white or have a white shoulder.
4. Pressure Gauge: The cylinder will typically have a pressure gauge to indicate how much oxygen is left inside.
5. Regulator: Before oxygen can be used from a cylinder, it must pass through a regulator. This device reduces the high pressure inside the cylinder to a safe and usable level for medical applications. It also allows healthcare providers or patients to adjust the flow rate of oxygen.
6. Safety Features: Cylinders are equipped with safety mechanisms, such as pressure relief devices, to prevent catastrophic failure if the internal pressure becomes too high.
7. Storage and Handling: Oxygen cylinders should be stored in cool, dry places away from direct sunlight and flammable materials. They should be secured in place to prevent them from falling or being damaged.
8. Refilling: Once depleted, oxygen cylinders can be refilled from larger storage vessels using specific procedures. It’s crucial to ensure that only medical-grade oxygen is used for refilling.
9. Oxygen Purity: Medical oxygen has a purity of at least 99.5%. It’s crucial not to confuse it with industrial-grade oxygen, which is not suitable for human or medical use.
10. Safety Precautions: Oxygen supports combustion. Therefore, it’s essential to keep oxygen cylinders and equipment away from open flames and flammable materials. No smoking should be allowed near oxygen equipment.