Basic Features:

1. Handles: This is where the dentist grips the tool. It can vary in length, depending on the forceps design.
2. Beak or Blades: This is the part of the forceps that engages the tooth. The beaks can be designed to fit around the crown of the tooth or to fit into the furcation of multi-rooted teeth.
3. Hinge or Fulcrum: This is the pivoting point that allows the forceps to adapt to the contours of the tooth and provides the leverage necessary for extraction.

Types of Extraction Forceps:

1. Upper Universal Forceps (Maxillary Forceps): Used for the extraction of upper teeth. They are usually straight or slightly curved.
2. Lower Universal Forceps (Mandibular Forceps): These have a more pronounced angle to reach lower teeth.
3. Molars Forceps: Designed specifically for molar teeth, these can vary based on whether they are meant for upper or lower molars. Some have specialized designs for third molars or wisdom teeth.
4. Incisor and Canine Forceps: These are more delicate and are tailored for the front teeth.
5. Root Forceps: These have narrower or differently shaped beaks to grasp tooth roots or root fragments.
6. Pediatric Forceps: Smaller in design, these are intended for use on primary (baby) teeth.